In his
research published in "Al-Zawba'ah" in 1942, titled
"Syrian Social Nationalist Doctrine and the Democrats' Quest for a
Creed," Sa’adeh commented on some of the al-Khanfashari[1] authors who exhibited a
"Sophistry negation" and considered that "we possess nothing but
‘opinions and dreams that shimmer here and there,' thus they cast lessons upon
us, insisting on the necessity to resemble 'developed nations' that concern
themselves with essential matters and not superficialities. They, unlike us
Syrians."[2]
He adds:
Indeed, many strong nations have undergone phases
and stages of socio-economic thinking, and this was the case in bygone eras.
However, now, our social nationalist renaissance has positioned us at the
forefront of culturally advanced nations of this sort. We do not lack external
social-economic foundations. Rather, we can aid others and share our insights.[3]
What
pained Sa’adeh was the prevailing ignorance within society, which extended not
only to the general populace but also reached some writers and literati who had
lost self-confidence and neglected the study of the remarkable intellectual
development occurring within our people. Instead, they had become accustomed to
demanding that we "resemble developed nations" and emulate their
model. Sa’adeh states:
It is ignorance, the death of the spirit,
the absence of ambition and lofty ideals, and the loss of self-confidence and
self-respect, among the compromised writers who were born in a dark age and
whose souls have never seen the light. Therefore, one cannot expect from them,
with their blind insights, to perceive colours, shades, lines, things, values,
paths, forms of life and their meanings, and the lofty ideals embraced by souls
born in the light and nurtured in the light.[4]
What
also pained Sa’adeh was the prevailing sense of despair and fear dominating
souls due to the prevailing psychological conditions in society, resulting from
the loss of self-confidence, the disbelieving in the talents and capabilities
of the people, and the submission to surrender. This state, which Sa’adeh
considered the nation's greatest calamity, gave rise to "a group of
mercenaries for foreign wills"[5]
spreading fear and “convincing people that fear is the best path to life"[6]
and "feeding thoughts with the poison of loss of confidence in the
nation's future and submission to external actions and the current state. Thus,
the general psyche of the nation became one of fear, cowardice,
apprehension, evasion, and degeneration in virtues and ethics...”[7]
However,
Sa’adeh confirms that the resurgent Syria with its new social nationalist
philosophy is not the same as the old Syria "drifting towards illusions of
those lacking national spirit and self-confidence."[8]
The Syrian social nationalists have liberated themselves through the principles
of social nationalism from the illusions that hindered them from seeking what
befits them. They have transformed through their newfound knowledge into free
fighters, conscious of the meaning of their existence, their lives, and their
interests in improving and enhancing life. They work with sacrifice and
dedication to triumph the beautiful virtues, noble qualities, and lofty
ideals of their nation. Thanks to this national resurgence that pulled them out
of darkness, ignorance, misguidance,
doubt, and chaos into light, knowledge, guidance, certainty,
and order, they wrestle with their free
will and their pure virtues. They exert efforts, make sacrifices, give
generously and bravely to awaken the societal conscience, and foster a proper
national awareness in their fragmented and feeble society. Through their
efforts, this society as a whole transformed into a humanistic, united, strong,
free, conscious, and virtuous community – a creative and resurgent community
with its free sons, striving to achieve its grand aspirations in life. It
becomes a role model, an example for others, capable, with the brilliance and
creativity of its people, of being a teacher and a guide
to other nations.
[1] Nowadays, the term Khanfashari is frequently used as an adjective for anything that
has no meaning or for a person who claims to know everything. Literary
critics circulate among themselves the word Khanfashar
and use it to refer to those who claim to have knowledge and understanding
while they do not possess anything from them.
[2] Antun Sa’adeh. The Complete Works,
Vol 6- 1942-1943, “The Syrian Social Nationalist Doctrine and the Democrats’
search for a creed”.
[3] Ibid.
[4] Ibid.
[5] See Sa΄adeh’s speech on the 1st of March,
1938, published in Antun Sa´adeh on the 1st of March, (a collection of
his speeches at different celebrations of his birthday), Beirut, SSNP, 1956, p.
27.
[6] Refer to Sa΄adeh’s speech in Bshamoun,
03/10/1948.
[7] Sa΄adeh’s speech on the 1st of March,
1938, p. 27.
[8] Antun Sa´adeh, Al-Muhadarat al-'Ashr
(The Ten Lectures), op. cit., p. 34.